Alcohol, Substance Use and Mental Health
Alcohol
and other substances are often first used socially, recreationally or as a way
of coping with stress. For many people, use remains occasional and manageable.
However, use can gradually become harmful when it begins to affect a person’s
health, relationships, responsibilities or ability to function normally. The
relationship between substance use and mental health is complex, and each can
make the other worse.
Understanding
when substance use has become a concern, and knowing where to find help, can prevent
further harm and open the door to recovery.
When
Does Use Become a Concern?
Consider
Andrew, who initially drank alcohol occasionally at social events. After
starting a new job, drinking with colleagues became more frequent. Over time
his intake increased, particularly at weekends. Eventually he began to
experience tremors, sweating and difficulty sleeping when he did not drink. He
started drinking to relieve these symptoms, his work performance deteriorated,
and repeated attempts to stop were unsuccessful. What began as occasional
drinking had developed into a serious health problem that needed professional
help.
Andrew’s
story is not unusual. Substance dependence rarely happens overnight. It tends
to develop gradually, as use increases in frequency, quantity and the sense of
need. Recognising the early signs is far easier than responding to a full
crisis.
Recognising
the Warning Signs
Alcohol
or substance use may be becoming problematic when you or someone you know
experiences strong cravings or urges to use, needs increasing amounts to
achieve the same effect, or finds it difficult to cut down or stop despite
wanting to. Withdrawal symptoms when attempting to stop are an important
warning sign, as is neglecting work, school, family or other responsibilities.
Continuing to use despite problems with health or relationships, spending
significant time obtaining, using or recovering from substances, and using
substances to cope with stress, emotions or sleep also point to a concern. A
loss of interest in activities that were once important is another signal to
pay attention to.
How
Substance Use and Mental Health Interact
Alcohol,
nicotine and other substances can affect both physical and mental health. They
may contribute to anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, financial
problems and reduced functioning. Many people use substances to manage low
mood, anxiety, trauma or sleep problems. While the relief can feel real in the
moment, substances often worsen these difficulties over time, creating a cycle
that is hard to break without support.
A
substance use disorder should be assessed and diagnosed by a qualified healthcare
or mental health professional. A professional assessment considers the person’s
patterns of use, their physical health, their mental health and the impact on
their daily life.
Seeking
Help Safely
Recognising
the signs early and seeking professional support can prevent further harm and
improve recovery outcomes. Treatment may involve a combination of medical
assessment and management, medically supervised withdrawal where necessary,
psychological therapy and counselling, and rehabilitation programmes.
Relapse-prevention strategies, family and social support, and ongoing mental
health care and follow-up are also important parts of recovery.
It
is important to understand that stopping certain substances suddenly,
particularly alcohol, can be dangerous for someone who has developed physical
dependence. Withdrawal can cause serious complications. For this reason,
professional assessment is strongly recommended before stopping, so that the
process can be managed safely.
Supporting
Someone Who Is Struggling
If
someone you care about is using substances in a way that concerns you, approach
them with calm honesty rather than anger or ultimatums. Share what you have
noticed and why you are worried, and avoid shaming language. Encourage them to
speak to a professional and offer to help them find support. Remember that you
cannot force another adult to change, but you can keep the door open and make
it easier for them to take the first step. Look after your own wellbeing too,
and seek support for yourself if you need it.
Recovery
Is Possible
Alcohol
and substance use disorders are treatable health conditions. Seeking help is an
important first step towards regaining health, relationships, independence and
quality of life. Many people go on to rebuild their lives after treatment, and
recovery often becomes a source of strength and meaning.
At
Chiromo Hospital Group, we provide professional, confidential and compassionate
support for individuals and families affected by alcohol and substance use
disorders, from assessment and treatment through to rehabilitation and
continued recovery support. Early intervention matters, recovery is possible,
and recovery is always worth pursuing in dignity.
Where to
Find Help
If
you or someone you know is in immediate danger, call the Chiromo Hospital Group
Emergency Line at +254 203 971 000, or come to the nearest Chiromo Hospital
Group facility.
CHG Support
